I-Exhaust Yokuphefumula
Lapho abantu bephefumula, badinga ukuhogela umoya, bese kuthathwa umoya-mpilo ku-alveoli, bese bekhipha amagesi anobuthi nayingozi aqukethe ukugcwala okuphezulu kwe-carbon dioxide namanye.Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi amaphaphu omuntu angakhipha izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-20 zezinto ezinobuthi, izinhlobo zazo ezingaphezu kweziyi-10 ezinobuthi obushintshashintshayo.Ngakho-ke, abantu emakamelweni aminyene, angenawo umoya, bavame ukuzizwa benesiyezi, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukucinana kwesifuba, ukujuluka, isicanucanu, njll., izimpawu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli eziphethwe izifo ezithathelwanayo zokuphefumula zingasakaza amagciwane kwabanye ngokukhipha umoya, ukuthimula, ukukhwehlela, isikhwehlela kanye namafinyila emakhaleni.
Ugwayi kagwayi
Uma ugwayi ushiswa, ukhiqiza i-nicotine, i-tar, i-cyanohydrogen acid, njll. I-Nicotine ivusa izinzwa, ibophe imithambo yegazi, inyuse umfutho wegazi futhi inciphise ukutholakala kwegazi ezicutshini, futhi yandise ukusetshenziswa komoya-mpilo ngokwandisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo.Ithayela liqukethe izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, eziqukethe amanani amancane e-benzo(a)pyrene, benzanthrene nezinye izinto, i-benzo(a)pyrene inomphumela oqinile we-carcinogenic.Ulwazi olushicilelwe yi-World Health Organization lubonisa ukuthi abangu-90/100 ababulawa umdlavuza wamaphaphu emadodeni aneminyaka engaphansi kuka-65 ubudala, abangu-75/100 ababulawa yi-bronchitis engapheli kanye ne-emphysema kungenxa yokubhema.
Umhlobiso wangaphakathi
Ngokushintsha kancane kancane kwendlela yokuphila, abantu banezidingo eziphakeme zekhwalithi yendawo yabo yasekhaya futhi umhlobiso wasekhaya usuphenduke imfashini.Kodwa-ke, abantu bavame ukunganaki imiphumela yezempilo kanye nokuphepha kwendawo ehlala ihlotshisiwe.
Uphethiloli wasendlini
Emadolobheni amaningi, igesi yamapayipi ithandwa kakhulu, kanti amanye asebenzisa i-LPG.Nakuba i-LPG yehlisa isibabule nothuli lwentuthu lwamalahle avuthayo, kodwa ingxenye yayo eyinhloko i-propane namanye ama-hydrocarbon, ukusetshenziswa okungafanele kuzokwenzeka izingozi ezinobuthi.Lawa mafutha ashiswa ukuze adle umoya-mpilo wasendlini futhi akhiphe amagesi anobuthi nezinhlayiya ezifana ne-carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, aldehydes, benzopyrene kanye nezinhlayiya zothuli ezincane ze-soot, ezicasula isimiso sezinzwa, i-conjunctiva kanye ne-mucosa yokuphefumula, futhi okungenzeka kube yi-carcinogenic.
Ukushisa kwamafutha okupheka
Uma izinga lokushisa likawoyela liba ngu-110 ℃, indawo kawoyela izolile futhi akuphumi ntuthu;lapho ifinyelela ku-130 ℃, iphunga lamafutha aluhlaza liyasuswa, kodwa i-oxidation ye-oleic acid iyenzeka, ikhiqize uchungechunge lwamakhemikhali aguquguqukayo, i-oxidation yamafutha, ama-fatty acids namavithamini ancibilikayo amafutha aqukethwe emafutheni abhujiswa ngamazinga ahlukene, futhi amaprotheni abe yi-polymer;lapho izinga lokushisa epanini lokuthosa lifinyelela ku-150 ℃ Lapho izinga lokushisa epanini lokuthosa lifinyelela ku-150 ℃, kunomusi;ngaphezu kuka-200 ℃, kukhona intuthu eyengeziwe, ngoba i-glycerol ku-oyela pyrolysis ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi, kukhona ukunambitheka okubabayo kwezinto ze-acrolein zokuphunyuka, kuzokwenza abantu babe nomphimbo owomile, amehlo ahlabayo, ikhala elilumayo kanye nokwanda kwemfihlo, abanye abantu ngisho njengokudakwa, abanye abantu abaphethwe yisifuba somoya noma i-emphysema bangabangela ukuphelelwa umoya nokukhwehlela.Ukuphakama kwezinga lokushisa lamafutha, kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu imikhiqizo yokubola, lapho amafutha asebhodweni eshiswa ngomlilo, izinga lokushisa lidlula ama-300 ℃, ngaphezu kokukhiqiza i-acrolein, kodwa futhi likhiqize uhlobo lwe-diene condensate, lungaholela. ukuvuvukala kokuphefumula okungapheli, futhi kwenze ukuguqulwa kwamaseli kube umdlavuza.Ezimpilweni zethu zansuku zonke, uketshezi lwe-viscous olunsundu ngokumnyama enkomishini yokuqoqwa kukawoyela ye-hood yohlu luqukethe imikhiqizo enjalo yokuqhekeka eyingozi emzimbeni womuntu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-31-2022